{"id":8181,"date":"2019-08-28T05:00:52","date_gmt":"2019-08-28T05:00:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/?p=8181"},"modified":"2021-08-24T17:13:56","modified_gmt":"2021-08-24T17:13:56","slug":"weed-suppression-cover-crops","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/weed-suppression-cover-crops\/","title":{"rendered":"Use of the Cover Crop Weed Index to Evaluate Weed Suppression by Cover Crops in Organic Citrus Orchards"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote><p><strong>Jose Linares, Johannes Scholberg, and Kenneth Boote<\/strong><br \/>\nUniversity of Florida, Agronomy Department<br \/>\n<strong>Carlene A. Chase and James J. Ferguson<\/strong><br \/>\nUniversity of Florida, Horticultural Sciences Department<br \/>\n<strong>Robert McSorley<\/strong><br \/>\nUniversity of Florida, Entomology and Nematology Department<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Citrus is one of the most important crops in Florida. During the past decade, increased international competition and urban development, diseases, and more stringent environmental regulations have greatly affected the citrus industry. Citrus growers transitioning to organic production may benefit from premium prices, but they also face many challenges, including development of effective weed management strategies. Cover crops (CC) may constitute an environmentally sound alternative for improved weed management in organic systems.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Two field experiments were conducted at Citra in north central Florida from 2002 to 2005, to evaluate the effectiveness of annual and perennial CC to suppress weeds in organic citrus groves. To quantify and compare the effectiveness of CC to suppress weed growth, a new weed suppression assessment tool, the cover crop\/weed index (CCWI), was developed using the ratio of biomass accumulation of CC and weeds.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Use-of-the-Cover-Crop-Weed-Index-to-Evaluate-Weed-Suppression.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Click here to read the full article.<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jose Linares, Johannes Scholberg, and Kenneth Boote University of Florida, Agronomy Department Carlene A. Chase and James J. Ferguson University of Florida, Horticultural Sciences Department Robert McSorley University of Florida, Entomology and Nematology Department Citrus is one of the most important crops in Florida. During the past decade, increased international competition and urban development, diseases, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":8188,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[36],"tags":[233,234,232,235,236],"class_list":["post-8181","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","tag-annual-cover-crops","tag-summer-cover-crops","tag-weed-management","tag-weed-suppression-index","tag-winter-cover-crop"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Use of the Cover Crop Weed Index to Evaluate Weed Suppression by Cover Crops in Organic Citrus Orchards - Firstfruits<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Two field experiments were conducted at Citra in north central Florida from 2002 to 2005, to evaluate the effectiveness of annual and perennial CC to suppress weeds in organic citrus groves.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/weed-suppression-cover-crops\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Use of the Cover Crop Weed Index to Evaluate Weed Suppression by Cover Crops in Organic Citrus Orchards - Firstfruits\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Two field experiments were conducted at Citra in north central Florida from 2002 to 2005, to evaluate the effectiveness of annual and perennial CC to suppress weeds in organic citrus groves.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/weed-suppression-cover-crops\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Firstfruits\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-08-28T05:00:52+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-08-24T17:13:56+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/CoverCropWeed.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"848\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"480\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Firstfruits Consulting Website\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Firstfruits Consulting Website\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.1stfruits.co.za\\\/wp\\\/weed-suppression-cover-crops\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.1stfruits.co.za\\\/wp\\\/weed-suppression-cover-crops\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Firstfruits Consulting Website\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.1stfruits.co.za\\\/wp\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/67887ac34c49a77a4bde6554ee7fc047\"},\"headline\":\"Use of the Cover Crop Weed Index to Evaluate Weed Suppression by Cover Crops in Organic Citrus Orchards\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-08-28T05:00:52+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-08-24T17:13:56+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.1stfruits.co.za\\\/wp\\\/weed-suppression-cover-crops\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":196,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.1stfruits.co.za\\\/wp\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.1stfruits.co.za\\\/wp\\\/weed-suppression-cover-crops\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.1stfruits.co.za\\\/wp\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/08\\\/CoverCropWeed.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Annual Cover Crops\",\"Summer Cover Crops\",\"Weed Management\",\"Weed Suppression Index\",\"Winter Cover Crop\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Articles\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.1stfruits.co.za\\\/wp\\\/weed-suppression-cover-crops\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.1stfruits.co.za\\\/wp\\\/weed-suppression-cover-crops\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.1stfruits.co.za\\\/wp\\\/weed-suppression-cover-crops\\\/\",\"name\":\"Use of the Cover Crop Weed Index to Evaluate Weed Suppression by Cover Crops in Organic Citrus Orchards - Firstfruits\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.1stfruits.co.za\\\/wp\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.1stfruits.co.za\\\/wp\\\/weed-suppression-cover-crops\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.1stfruits.co.za\\\/wp\\\/weed-suppression-cover-crops\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.1stfruits.co.za\\\/wp\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/08\\\/CoverCropWeed.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-08-28T05:00:52+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-08-24T17:13:56+00:00\",\"description\":\"Two field experiments were conducted at Citra in north central Florida from 2002 to 2005, to evaluate the effectiveness of annual and perennial CC to suppress weeds in organic citrus groves.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.1stfruits.co.za\\\/wp\\\/weed-suppression-cover-crops\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.1stfruits.co.za\\\/wp\\\/weed-suppression-cover-crops\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.1stfruits.co.za\\\/wp\\\/weed-suppression-cover-crops\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.1stfruits.co.za\\\/wp\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/08\\\/CoverCropWeed.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.1stfruits.co.za\\\/wp\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/08\\\/CoverCropWeed.jpg\",\"width\":848,\"height\":480,\"caption\":\"Citrus\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.1stfruits.co.za\\\/wp\\\/weed-suppression-cover-crops\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.1stfruits.co.za\\\/wp\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Use of the Cover Crop Weed Index to Evaluate Weed Suppression by Cover Crops in Organic Citrus Orchards\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.1stfruits.co.za\\\/wp\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.1stfruits.co.za\\\/wp\\\/\",\"name\":\"Firstfruits\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.1stfruits.co.za\\\/wp\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.1stfruits.co.za\\\/wp\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.1stfruits.co.za\\\/wp\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"First Fruits Consulting (Pty) Ltd\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.1stfruits.co.za\\\/wp\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.1stfruits.co.za\\\/wp\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.1stfruits.co.za\\\/wp\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2016\\\/01\\\/1stFruitsLogo.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.1stfruits.co.za\\\/wp\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2016\\\/01\\\/1stFruitsLogo.png\",\"width\":259,\"height\":90,\"caption\":\"First Fruits Consulting (Pty) Ltd\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.1stfruits.co.za\\\/wp\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.1stfruits.co.za\\\/wp\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/67887ac34c49a77a4bde6554ee7fc047\",\"name\":\"Firstfruits Consulting Website\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/7fa664d10c3791eced70bcf435cd8f43de2804f9e1603b8c9fd93cfccf848fc5?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/7fa664d10c3791eced70bcf435cd8f43de2804f9e1603b8c9fd93cfccf848fc5?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/7fa664d10c3791eced70bcf435cd8f43de2804f9e1603b8c9fd93cfccf848fc5?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Firstfruits Consulting Website\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.1stfruits.co.za\\\/wp\\\/author\\\/author-ffc\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Use of the Cover Crop Weed Index to Evaluate Weed Suppression by Cover Crops in Organic Citrus Orchards - Firstfruits","description":"Two field experiments were conducted at Citra in north central Florida from 2002 to 2005, to evaluate the effectiveness of annual and perennial CC to suppress weeds in organic citrus groves.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/weed-suppression-cover-crops\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Use of the Cover Crop Weed Index to Evaluate Weed Suppression by Cover Crops in Organic Citrus Orchards - Firstfruits","og_description":"Two field experiments were conducted at Citra in north central Florida from 2002 to 2005, to evaluate the effectiveness of annual and perennial CC to suppress weeds in organic citrus groves.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/weed-suppression-cover-crops\/","og_site_name":"Firstfruits","article_published_time":"2019-08-28T05:00:52+00:00","article_modified_time":"2021-08-24T17:13:56+00:00","og_image":[{"width":848,"height":480,"url":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/CoverCropWeed.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Firstfruits Consulting Website","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Firstfruits Consulting Website","Est. reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/weed-suppression-cover-crops\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/weed-suppression-cover-crops\/"},"author":{"name":"Firstfruits Consulting Website","@id":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/#\/schema\/person\/67887ac34c49a77a4bde6554ee7fc047"},"headline":"Use of the Cover Crop Weed Index to Evaluate Weed Suppression by Cover Crops in Organic Citrus Orchards","datePublished":"2019-08-28T05:00:52+00:00","dateModified":"2021-08-24T17:13:56+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/weed-suppression-cover-crops\/"},"wordCount":196,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/weed-suppression-cover-crops\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/CoverCropWeed.jpg","keywords":["Annual Cover Crops","Summer Cover Crops","Weed Management","Weed Suppression Index","Winter Cover Crop"],"articleSection":["Articles"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/weed-suppression-cover-crops\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/weed-suppression-cover-crops\/","url":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/weed-suppression-cover-crops\/","name":"Use of the Cover Crop Weed Index to Evaluate Weed Suppression by Cover Crops in Organic Citrus Orchards - Firstfruits","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/weed-suppression-cover-crops\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/weed-suppression-cover-crops\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/CoverCropWeed.jpg","datePublished":"2019-08-28T05:00:52+00:00","dateModified":"2021-08-24T17:13:56+00:00","description":"Two field experiments were conducted at Citra in north central Florida from 2002 to 2005, to evaluate the effectiveness of annual and perennial CC to suppress weeds in organic citrus groves.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/weed-suppression-cover-crops\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/weed-suppression-cover-crops\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/weed-suppression-cover-crops\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/CoverCropWeed.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/CoverCropWeed.jpg","width":848,"height":480,"caption":"Citrus"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/weed-suppression-cover-crops\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Use of the Cover Crop Weed Index to Evaluate Weed Suppression by Cover Crops in Organic Citrus Orchards"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/","name":"Firstfruits","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/#organization","name":"First Fruits Consulting (Pty) Ltd","url":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/1stFruitsLogo.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/1stFruitsLogo.png","width":259,"height":90,"caption":"First Fruits Consulting (Pty) Ltd"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/#\/schema\/person\/67887ac34c49a77a4bde6554ee7fc047","name":"Firstfruits Consulting Website","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/7fa664d10c3791eced70bcf435cd8f43de2804f9e1603b8c9fd93cfccf848fc5?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/7fa664d10c3791eced70bcf435cd8f43de2804f9e1603b8c9fd93cfccf848fc5?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/7fa664d10c3791eced70bcf435cd8f43de2804f9e1603b8c9fd93cfccf848fc5?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Firstfruits Consulting Website"},"url":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/author\/author-ffc\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8181","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8181"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8181\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8189,"href":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8181\/revisions\/8189"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8188"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8181"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8181"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.1stfruits.co.za\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8181"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}